Preparing to Write: The Outline Strategy
By the time you sit down to write, we assume you have already analyzed your findings using software like NVivo or SPSS. If you haven't, stop writing and organize your data first. Otherwise, your findings chapter will end up as a disorganized mess of random information.
One of the main issues students encounter is the sheer volume of data. You cannot include everything without overwhelming the reader. To manage this, create an outline focused on two things:
- Answering your research questions.
- Highlighting interesting anomalies that cropped up during research.
Creating this structure allows you to be diligent about what you cut out. If a piece of data doesn't fit the outline, it must go.
Introducing Your Findings: The "No Suspense" Rule
Think of your findings chapter as the opposite of a good movie. A movie builds suspense and surprises you with a plot twist. A dissertation findings chapter should have no suspense.
You need to tell the reader what they need to know right from the beginning. A good introduction acts as a roadmap, including:
- A reminder of the research objectives.
- A brief description of how you approached the results.
- Signposting where to find raw instruments (e.g., the Appendix).
Presentation of Qualitative Data
Qualitative data (interviews, observations) poses a challenge because it involves pages of transcripts. A common mistake is to include raw quotes without context.
The "Sandwich" Method
You must embed your quotes within your own critical thought. Do not just drop a quote in.
- The Top Bun: Introduce the theme (e.g., "7 out of 12 participants noted a lack of resources...").
- The Meat: Insert the quote/example.
- The Bottom Bun: Explain the significance of that quote.
This ensures you are presenting the reader with information on your theme without including excess fluff from the participant's speech. University of Manchester – Reporting Qualitative Data – A guide on embedding evidence effectively.
Presentation of Quantitative Data
For quantitative studies, the risk is overwhelming the reader with tables and statistics. If you are looking for help in dissertation writing, it is often because the statistical justification is tricky.
The "Greyscale" Trap
Be wary of using color in your graphs. You may see purple and green slices on your screen, but if your dissertation is printed in black and white, those colors will look like the same shade of grey, making the graph unreadable. Always use patterns or distinct contrast.
Avoid Duplication
A major error is presenting a table and then writing out the exact same numbers in the text below it. This defeats the purpose of the table. Use the text to highlight trends, not to repeat data.
For students in rigorous academic centers, such as those needing edinburgh dissertation help, justifying why you ran a specific statistical test (beyond just Mean, Median, and Mode) is essential for high marks.
The Discussion: Analysis and Synthesis
The discussion chapter is where you earn your grade. It is all about how you have answered your research questions and positioned yourself within the larger field.
Critical Thinking vs. Description
Critical thinking asks you to provide your opinion on the topic. It is not enough to say "Smith says X." You must say, "My findings contradict Smith’s X, suggesting that..."
Linking to Previous Chapters
You must link your findings back to your Literature Review. A practical writing tip is to use placeholders. Write: "As discussed in Section XYZ, the theme of..." Once you finish writing, search for "XYZ" and replace it with the correct section number. This keeps your flow going and ensures you don't miss any critical links.
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Conclusion
The dissertation findings and discussion sections are the core of your academic contribution. By following the model of Description – Analysis – Synthesis, being smart about what data to include, and avoiding common presentation errors (like the greyscale trap), you can write a chapter that truly demonstrates your expertise.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Should I combine Findings and Discussion?
In shorter dissertations, it often makes sense to have these comprise one section. In longer pieces (like a PhD), these chapters are usually separate to allow for deeper analysis.
Does it weaken my dissertation if I admit to limitations in the Discussion?
Not at all; in fact, it strengthens it. Acknowledging limitations (e.g., sample size, time constraints, or methodological biases) demonstrates academic maturity and critical reflection. It shows the marker that you understand the boundaries of your research.
What is the "Sandwich" method in qualitative writing?
It is the technique of introducing a theme, providing the participant's quote, and then analyzing it. Never leave a quote "hanging" without your own analysis surrounding it.
Can you help me with SPSS or NVivo?
Yes. If you haven't completed the software organization process, we can assist. We can run the analysis and help you structure the findings chapter logically.
Can My Perfect Writing help with the statistical analysis before writing?
Absolutely. Many students have the raw data but struggle with the tools to process it. Our experts are proficient in SPSS, STATA, R, and Excel. We can perform the necessary regression analyses, T-tests, or correlations for you, and then help you write the Findings chapter based on those accurate results.
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